The Impact of My Favorite Form of Media in Mass...

Mass Communication has an immense impact on many individuals in the world from the television, music to books and the radio and many more media outlets. There are affirmative and adverse impacts that we all receive from the media. As for myself there is many constructive forms of media I indulge in. My most preferred form of media overall is the Food Networks American reality TV show series called Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives. I always had an adoration and aspiration for art and I consider food to be art. This television series has a huge effect on my daily life in a progressive, yet constructive way. I tend to watch it almost every day or whenever I miss it I just record it. It conglomerates my love of sustenance and travel at the†¦show more content†¦I know many people would think my fascination for this food show is out of the norm, or that maybe only obese people fascinate over food. But I am not obese and I find this television show brings out the true artistic skills of the chefs and the sustenance. So it is not like I want to stuff myself or body with high caloric foods all day, but I just delight in watching it because it’s like fine art to me. It arouses all my senses like taste, touch, feel, smell and hear. Not only does it syndicate my love of food but also travel as well. The host Guy Fieri travels from city to city, and state to state sampling exquisite and appealing food. I picture myself doing the similar thing, like basically traveling to places and exploring cultures through foods. I planned on being a traveling career woman after school and the fact that this form of media combines both travel and cooking engaged my mind and eyes. Travel is I am sure many people’s goals in life at one point and the mixture of food and travel can never go erroneous really. That’s what I accept as true that this shows gives off as well, and with that comes culture because food items come from diverse areas of the world, and that†™s where travel come in. As I said earlier people may contemplate my love of food as art and travel as being incongruous, but I undeniably do not think so. This is something I really keepShow MoreRelatedEssay about Mass Media and Popular Culture1491 Words   |  6 PagesMass Media and Popular Culture: Effects on the Population Mass Media and Popular Culture Mass media and popular culture go hand in hand. This paper will discuss the impact of mass media on enculturation, examine the relationships among media, advertising and the formation of normative cultural values, and discuss the impact of the internet on popular culture and the way we communicate today. Real world examples of this impact will be provided to prove our point of view and the overall effectRead MoreMass Media And Its Effect On Children1363 Words   |  6 PagesIn today’s society Mass Media portrays gender roles in a negative way as well as the educational systems for both males and females. Mass media is defined â€Å"as any of the means of communication such as television, newspapers that reach to large amount of people†. (Dictionary.com, 2015). Today’s educational system, mass media reaches out to large amount of people such as the students. In schools, the mass media shows more negativity to gender roles than positivity, for example males would be portrayedRead MoreMagazines And Its Influence On Society947 Words   |  4 PagesMagazines have evolved over time in the mass medium industry. Magazines have also provided various avenues in which people can communicate through articles and advertisements. 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Since advertising has become so dominant in our daily lives, each advertisement that comes out is critically analyzed by consumers, and many people see advertising as a very negativeRead MoreBronfenbrenner Bioecological Systems Theory: The Impact on a Child’s Development1394 Words   |  6 Pagesan exosystem is the mass media, such as newspapers, radio and social media. The communication industry impacts everyone at any age whether or not you are a child or an adult. This service allows any person to keep up to date with current events. I frequently use mass media by reading newspapers, watch television and use websites such as Facebook to keep up with current affairs, not only socially, but on a global scale as well. The exposure of mass media was influential to my development becauseRead MoreThe Influence of Technology on American Families Essay1023 Words   |  5 Pages When there are more television sets than members of a household under one roof, it is obvious that technology and media has greatly effected the contemporary American family. There are many forces and pressures that help to shape the American family that we all see, as well as, are a part of today. Technology and media has brought us very far as a country, but has also inflicted upon norms of yesterday. Technology is growing now just as fast as ever before and families are constantly changingRead MoreHow Has Social Media Affected Teens?1748 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Media Marketing How has social media affected teens? The topic I chose for my research paper focuses on Social Media Marketing. Social Media is the biggest form of communication now a days. 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Ethnic Diversity And Cultural Factors - 1751 Words

Ethnic Diversity and Cultural Factors Due to its violent history, Cambodia has a unique blend of ethnicities. The majority of the population is Khmer, with minorities such as Vietnamese, Cham, and Chinese, with Vietnamese being the largest. Many Khmer from south Vietnam, called Khmer Kraom, which includes young men who come as Buddhist monks. The Cham, who are predominantly Muslim, usually live in riverfront communities, and live off of fishing, small businesses, and livestock. The Chinese population generally have a better relation with the other cultures in Cambodia, with much more intermarriage between them and Khmer and Vietnamese. Other culture in Cambodia have historically clashed, with the Cham and Khmer having religious†¦show more content†¦However, CEDAW has failed to protect women, due to Cambodia’s weak legal system. As a result, most women remain unprotected and vulnerable (Galabru, 2004). Domestic violence is one of the greatest forms of violence against women in Cambodia. 17% of married women, ages 15-49, have reported their husbands physically and sexually abusing them. Even more shocking, one fourth of these women do not think they are abused, revealing Cambodian women’s lack of knowledge of basic human rights. Research shows that lack of education and alcohol increase women’s risk of be abused. Also, women who came of age during the Khmer Rouge period are subject to significantly higher rates of domestic abuse, relieving how violence in society affects violence at home. Cambodia’s traditional culture does not help women who are victims of domestic abuse. Violence and rape are considered an issue between the husband and wife that does not concern law officials. Children are also victims of abuse, due to traditional Asian households. Extended families tend to live together, so children can be abused not just by their parent, but also by an uncle , cousin, or grandparent. Because of this, civil rights organizations in Cambodia pressure the NA to widen the definition of â€Å"victims† to include others just as relatives, not just wives (Galabru, 2004). Rape is also prevalent in Cambodia, yet like most crimes, it is under reported. Child

Essay About Teenage Pregnancy free essay sample

The matter of distributing condoms in school has been a controversial issue over the years because the majority of society believes that condoms will promote sexual behavior in schools. Nevertheless more and more students are becoming sexually active without thinking of the consequences and understanding the precautions that should be taken when doing so. Condoms should be distributed in schools because of the growing number of teenage pregnancy, to minimize the spread of sexually transmitted diseases among adolescent and it is a good investment for the government to help control students irresponsible sexual behavior. Everyday thousands of sexually active teenagers are putting themselves at risk of getting pregnant, and as such there is an alarming rate of teenage pregnancies in schools which can have a negative impact on most teenagers’ life. According to the article â€Å"How Many Teen Girls get Pregnant every year? , it reveals that every year, about 16 million girls aged 15-19 years old give birth. In addition, in a prominent high school in Jamaica, the school nurse reported that the percentages of teenage pregnancy increase from 20% in 2011 to 40% since the start of the year. The school nurse further stated that these teenaged girls failed to use a condom and that if condoms were distributed at the school it would have decrease the risk of these teenaged girls getting pregnant. On the other hand, whenever these girls get pregnant in schools, some of them are unable to finish school. Teenage moms will have to provide for themselves and their child and are often times left alone to take care of the child and as a result, they lose focus of their dreams and will now have to focus on raising a child at an early age. According to Reynolds (2011), in 2011 only one third of teenage mothers graduated from high school and less than 2 % further their education. Consequently too many of our young teenagers are dropping out of school and so distributing condoms in school would prevent this from occurring. Nevertheless, there is a high rate of sexually transmitted infection spreading among teenagers who engage in unprotected sex. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that forty percent (40%) of all new â€Å"HIV† infection in 2009 was among youths between the ages of 15-19. Therefore, this is an ongoing concern because students who engaged in unprotected sex are at a greater risk of contracting these infections. As a result, the distribution of condoms in schools and use will help to reduce the spread of sexually transmitted diseases among students. Furthermore, in the article â€Å"Special populations- Center of Disease Control and Prevention† a survey conducted in 2011 reported to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention that in the United States 95% of the student population ages 14-19 was tested positively for chlamydia which indicates that there is rapid spread of sexual transmitted diseases among adolescent. The primary reason for this is that these students had more than one sexual partner in the previous year and did not consistently use a condom. Therefore, adolescents are at a higher risk for contracting sexually transmitted infection (STI) every day and condoms being distributed to teenagers are an effective means of combating these infectious diseases. In addition the distribution of condoms in schools is also a good investment of government funds to reduce student’s irresponsible sexual behavior, because a fortune is spent by world governments each year addressing the public health problems created by risky sexual behavior as stated by Ramkissoon (2011). The cost of raising the many children through unintended pregnancies over a lifetime will reduce to a lower cost if condoms are distributed in schools. Furthermore, the cost of treating a student who is a patient with infectious sexually transmitted diseases can be enormous. Some critics might argue that condoms should not be distributed in schools. According to the article â€Å"Should Condoms be distributed freely in High Schools? † states that providing students with condoms encourages early sexual activity. In addition, schools are not the place for condom machines, just as schools are not the place for cigarette machines or alcohol bars and according to Bridgetown (2011) students should be focusing on their education and their future instead of sexual activities. The fact that condoms are used for protection it should be distributed in schools to benefit the health of students who are already sexually active to control their recklessness. Anderson (2008) state that despite the abstinence programs some teenagers will still indulge in sexual activity at an early age. Condoms are used as an effective means for protection against unwanted pregnancies and sexual disease unlike alcohol and cigarettes, they endangers the health of students. It is expected that teenagers are going to have sex but isn’t it important for measures to be implemented to protect students from contracting disease and getting pregnant? With the current and growing problem of teenage pregnancy as well as the spreading epidemics of sexually ransmitted disease is a significant issue in which should be address as soon possible. How long should teenage pregnancy and sexual transmitted diseases continue to flourish among our students each year? If society continues to ignore the issue of distributing condoms in school then teenage pregnancies and sexual transmitted diseases will continue to be on the rise. Therefore, in order to prevent the risk of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases condoms should be distributed in schools

International Human Ressources the Repatriation Process Essay Example

International Human Ressources: the Repatriation Process Essay Many expatriate employees encounter problems that limit their contribution to the company when they return home. How can we explain these problems and how may a firm reduce the occurrence of such problems? A largely overlooked but critically important issue in the training and development of expatriate is to prepare them for re-entry into their own home country organization. Repatriation is defining as the activity of bringing the expatriate back to the home country. When return at home, expatriates face an organization that doesn’t know what they have done for the last few years, doesn’t know how to use their new knowledge, and doesn’t particularly care. This ‘re-entry shock’ often occurs as people are less prepared for their return home to present problems of adjustment. There are many job-related and social factors which may cause re-entry problems for the repatriate. The prime job-related factors identify is career anxiety due to no post-assignment guarantee of employment. Many firms were not able to offer jobs upon repatriation. Moreover, loss of visibility and isolation is a variable that cause problems for repatriates. For instance, a lack of information or the lack of contact with the home organization may increase the level of anxiety. Changes in the home workplace like merger or acquisition are usually accompanied by job shedding and can affect also the reintegration of the expatriate. Career anxiety is one moderating factor, but others may also lead to work adjustment problems. We will write a custom essay sample on International Human Ressources: the Repatriation Process specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on International Human Ressources: the Repatriation Process specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on International Human Ressources: the Repatriation Process specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The problem is that an international assignment is a condition for career progression for employees, but often there is no position for the repatriate and the re-entry position may be a less challenging job with reduced responsibility and status. This position gives the impression that experiences and skills the employee has acquired during the international assignment are devalued. The third factor is to coping with new role demands. Often, the home country no considers the time passed in the foreign location and the significant changes in expatriate behavior. Then, repatriate has a negative perception of the help and support provided by employers during and after repatriation. The last factor is the lost of status and pay. For instance, in the foreign operation the expatriate was the key decision maker and when he re-entry is treated as another company executive. There are also many social factors that caused re-entry problems. The first factor is the family adjustment. For instance each family member is experiencing their own readjustment problem; the family has also to adapt its lifestyle with its new income. Re-establishing social networks can also be difficult. For example, children can find re-entry difficult particularly if their past friends are in different levels at school to themselves, moved on to another location or made new friends. The repatriation can also have an effect in partner’s career. To reduce the occurrence of problems that encounter expatriates and to maximize the benefits of international assignments, many firms design a repatriation program. A repatriation program can start up to six months prior to the return of the expatriate and up to six months after the expatriate returns home. This program can cover a number of topics like re-entry position and career path assistance, reverse culture shock, establishing networking opportunities, help in forming new social contacts, financial and tax assistance, etc. Some multinational enterprises assign the expatriate a mentor who is usually in a more senior position than the expatriate and knows the expatriate personally. The mentor has to maintaining contact with the expatriate throughout the assignment, maintaining ensuring expatriates are kept up to date with developments in the home country, ensuring expatriates are retained in existing management development programs and assisting expatriates with the repatriation process and position. Others avenues are explored, such a proactive repatriation strategies that consists to invite repatriates to assist in developing repatriations programs like managing expectations, career planning or reorientation programs for example. Repatriates have then a sense that they are not an under-utilized resource and that the firm recognizes they can make a valuable contribution to the expatriation process.

European Union and Human Rights Laws †Global Law Essay

European Union and Human Rights Laws – Global Law Essay Free Online Research Papers European Union and Human Rights Laws Global Law Essay ‘Does European Union Law(EU law) sufficiently protect human right of an individual when infringed by domestic law?’, ‘When EU Law infringes human rights, are they sufficiently protected?’ I think ‘Sufficient’ protection is only given , if it is more than the protection given by member states and since the Community/Union has assumed supranational power, the standard should be of at least compatible with the ECHR . There is no provision in the EEC Treaty until the Treaty of European Union(TEU) which referred to respect for human rights and amendments of Treaty of Amsterdam (TA) declaring that the foundation of the Union is based on the respect for human rights and imposing threat of suspension on Member States rights if in breach . But since 1969, the European Court of Justice do assume to recognize the humans rights in the ECHR , international treaties and national legislation and declare that it draws its ‘inspiration ’ from them and measures incompatible cannot be upheld. Recently a draft ‘Charter on Fundamental Rights has been adopted and is supposed to have full legal effect, although it has not found a legal status, at least till the IGC this year. For clarification, I would like to separate the past into pre-TEU and post-TEU and the present as the status after the adoption of the draft ‘Charter’. In the past, the court has given more priority to community law than human rights even if they were protected by national legislation, international treaties and the ECHR. In Storks’ the claimant ‘rights of undertaking; were protected by German Constitutional law, but the Higher Authority refused to acknowledge it . In Stauders , the Court did recognize ‘rights to dignity’, and allowed ‘variation in the method of checking beneficiaries particulars.’ In International Fruit, the Court refused to accept the fundamental rights conferred under international treaties. The court had continued to accept fundamental rights sometimes and reject it sometime . Sometimes it had respected the fundamental rights in the constitution of the member states and the ECHR and sometime not .Even after TEU, there is no change in the Court’s attitude. In some cases the Court has respected human rights while in others not. Therefore, it is not the treaties or the ‘inspirations’ which the Court relies on to respect fundamental rights and in fact reference to it are only made for mere lip service, to justify their judgment or to sugar coat judgments which are absurd in light of fundamental rights. I think it would be more illuminating, to consider the circumstances and underlying reason for the court rejection and acceptance to see if fundamental rights are sufficiently protected. In the past, the European Courts has only upheld individuals claim of human rights in domestic courts, if the claim is within the ambit of EU law. In Defrenne , the Court declared that it has no jurisdiction . Similarly in Grogan and ERT . In Demirel , the ECJ said that the Treaty’ does not empower the community to guarantee commitments towards non-member country’. In the contrary, in similar claims by nationals of other member states, the Court has been more receptive . When the Court extends protection to an individuals claim of domestic infringement, it is only to protect rights conferred by EU legislation . The rights conferred under the directive may be in line with the European Convention on Human Right, but if one can remember the history of the treaties, the treaties was for their objective of ‘a common market’ and the ‘integration of Europe’ and not for the ‘protection of fundamental right’. I think it is a grave mis judgment, to conclude that by protecting rights in line with their aim, EU law ‘sufficiently protects’ fundamental human rights. EU law do not go the extra mile to really protect human rights which are infringed outside community law, but rather protect the rights conferred by EU Law and to ensure that the member states implements EU Law . The Courts have respected fundamental rights in staff cases . Staff cases involve internal management, where there is no issue of conflicting national legislation, EU law or Community’s objectives. By rendering protection it does not reduce their supremacy. How far ‘human rights’ are protected can only be seen in cases where the rights clearly conflicts EU Law and it objectives and threatens the existence of EU legislation and its supremacy? Human Rights v Community Aims and objectives In Germany v Council, although imposing a higher tax duty on imports of bananas from Third Countries is a clear breach of one’s right to property and freedom to pursue a trade or a profession, the court held that ‘ it may be restricted particularly in the context of a common organization market’. In Haver, although by preventing the owner of a land to cultivate vines on it, EU law restricted one’s right to use his property, the Court justified it . HR vs legality of EU law EU law has never respected :the right to a fair trial† by refusing locus standi for direct actions which have been criticized by the Courts themselves. HR vs institutions action and decisions. In cases like Dow Benelux, Dow Chemical, the actions of the Commission , clearly infringed the applicants rights of defence, but the Court jusitified it as ‘ action as within its power’. In Orkem , the commission’s decision to obtain further documents, after having conducted a search to substantiate the allegations was held to be within the scope of their power, although they clearly contravene the claimants rights to remain silent and self incrimination. These rights are fundamental in criminal proceedings and to deny this rights is too grave a breach. If the allegations by the commissions are proved, the claimant would be fined and therefore it cannot be differentiated from criminal proceedings. If criminals can have the rights, I cannot see the justification as to why the right cannot be given in cases involving infringement of community law, a law merely for economical reason. I think the EC rules on Competition are infringements of an individual’s freedom to conduct his business activity. I cannot see what is wrong if a seller should give discounts to increase his sales , which is common in every market and it is fundamentally wrong to impose restriction. The commissions’ actions to control competition are aggravating the breach of those rights and the Courts by justifying the Commissions thrashes out such rights. In Case T 18/96 , 45 months of delay by the commission to act was upheld to be reasonable, while in ECHR it had been held that 17 months exceeds a reasonable time . Human rights vs Administrative convenience Any reasonable man would know that the deposit system, in Handelsgesllschaft , is unfair as no producers can predict his production, but the ECJ held that the deposit system is necessary for administrative convenience . Human rights vs the supremacy of European Union In the International Fruit case , the Court, to protect the supremacy of EU law and to prevent the striking off of the EC regulation, restricting the right to import apples from third country, concluded that GATT was ‘not capable of conferring on citizens of the Community rights which they can invoke before the courts’, while Directives can confers rights directly to the citizens of Member States . . In Nold, the Court claimed that the applicants condition was because of the economic change and not the commissions decision, but the claimant in Nold was in the same situation as the claimant in Stork. In Stork it rejected the claim on grounds of supremacy of Community Law, and by referring to respect for fundamental rights and putting the blame on economic changes in Nold, it is obviously an underhand method to maintain its supremacy. Of course there are cases where the court has given priority to fundamental rights , but those cases are clearly where the commission is at fault or has exercised their discretion in excess of their power . The limited cases where human rights are protected should not be construed as sufficient, because if not for EU law, the human rights would not have been infringed, therefore the Court should protect the rights above the community interest of ‘a common market’. After the adoption of the ‘Charter’, the Court and institution has shown some changes in its attitude. By an international decision , the commission has decided to form a compatibility review of it legislative proposal with the Charter. The Court had made reference to the Charter . It had rejected the inadmissibility argument by the commission and gave locus standi to an applicant to bring nullity proceeding against directives , rejected council’s and commissions refusal to grant access to documents . In domestic cases like, Carpenter , the ECJ gave opinion that ‘the decision to deport’ infringes the right of an overstayed philipine wife of a British National, to respect for her family life, although it recognizes that ‘the situation is rather to be classified as an international situtation, depends exclusively on UK’. Similarly in Baumbast . In Case 117/01 , the Court finds that there is inequality treatment which, although it does not directly undermine enjoyment of a right protected by Community Law’. But in some cases it has rejected claims of human rights. Therefore I cannot conclude that the Court has finally put human rights above community interest. Will the Charter and a constitution of Europe give sufficient protection to fundamental human rights? I don’t think codification of the treaties and the Charter into a written constitution, provides any kind of extra protection for human rights. It just gives a legal basis for the communities actions so that their validity cannot be challenged. It just eliminates the concept that Community Law is intended for a ‘common market’ and not to preserve human rights and the Courts need not have to draw their inspiration from ECHR because they have their own Charter. It is an attempt to preserve its supremacy . A look at the Charter shows that some rights specified there are rights rarely in conflict in the context of Community law , and some are rights which are already protected by the EC treaties , while some are re-enforcement of the objectives of the Union . Those rights which were often in conflict with the EU Law , have been subject to limitations and all other rights which are not specifically limited are subject to limitations on the â€Å"principle of proportionality† . The Charter is subjecting human rights to EU law and the discretion is on the European Court as to whether human right should prevail over EU law. European Union which cannot be literally called democratic, especially the commission, are not answerable for their decisions to the electorates of member states . When EU law infringes human rights in the future, the European Court should not be placed in a position to decide which one to give priority to, because one can never expect an impartial decision if the person who is making the decision has an interest in it. Sadly, any infringement of fundamental Human Rights by EU law cannot be brought against the Union in ECtHR as European Union is not a signatory. Therefore I don’t think the position would be any better than what it was in the past and I fear that the exercise and abuse of power by the Union is not being capable of being challenged after having entrenched the EU law in a constitutional document to which all member states are signatories. Article 51 states that the Charter is only applicable in the application of Union law. Therefore it is doubtfully that it provides a remedy for individuals whose rights are infringed by domestic law. As discussed, despite the Court’s claim of ‘inspiration’ derived from national legislation and ECHR, it has been more concern on the objective, functioning and supremacy of the EU rather than giving ‘sufficient’ protection for Human Rights, even if protected by other legislations. The ‘Charter’ cannot be triumphed as a solution as it is not an incorporation of ECHR in EU law. The only way fundamental rights can be sufficiently protected I EU law is to have an independent Court, not subjected to EU law, if possible ECtHR to have jurisdiction over European Court and EU related human right issues. Bibliography 1 The General Provisions of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, R Alonso Garcia 2 Mapping Hunam Rihts, Reading the European Union, Andrew Williams 3 The duty to protect fundamental rights in the European Community, Liv Jaeckel 4 The Foundations of European Community Law, Hartley. 5 EU Law, Text, Cases and Materials, Craig and De Burca Research Papers on European Union and Human Rights Laws - Global Law EssayPETSTEL analysis of IndiaDefinition of Export QuotasQuebec and CanadaCapital Punishment19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraTwilight of the UAWInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesTrailblazing by Eric AndersonRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2

The Biography of Edwin Hubble

The Biography of Edwin Hubble The astronomer Edwin P. Hubble made one of the most profound discoveries about our universe. He found the cosmos is much larger than the  Milky Way Galaxy. In addition, he discovered that the universe is expanding. This work now helps astronomers measure the universe. For his contributions, Hubble was honored by having his name attached to the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope.   Hubbles Early Life and Education Edwin Powell Hubble was born November 29, 1889, in the small town of Marshfield, Missouri. He moved with his family to Chicago when he was nine years old, and remained there to attend the University of Chicago, where he received a bachelor’s degree in mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy. He then left for Oxford University on a Rhodes Scholarship. Due to the dying wishes of his father, he put his career in the sciences on hold, and instead studied law, literature, and Spanish. Hubble returned to America in 1913 after the death of his father and began teaching high school Spanish, physics, and mathematics at New Albany High School in New Albany, Indiana. However, his interest in astronomy led him to enroll as a graduate student at the Yerkes Observatory in Wisconsin. His work there led him back to the University of Chicago, where he received his Ph.D. in 1917. His thesis was titled Photographic Investigations of Faint Nebulae. It  laid the foundation for the discoveries he later made that changed the face of astronomy. Reaching for the Stars and Galaxies Hubble next enlisted in the Army to serve his country in World War I. He quickly rose to the rank of major and was injured in combat before being discharged in 1919. He went immediately to Mount Wilson Observatory, still in uniform, and began his career as an astronomer. He had access to both the 60-inch and the newly completed 100-inch Hooker reflectors. Hubble effectively spent the remainder of his career there, where he also helped design the 200-inch Hale telescope. Measuring the Size of the Universe Hubble, like other astronomers, was used to seeing strangely shaped fuzzy spiral objects in astronomical images. They all debated what these things were. In the early 1920s, the commonly held wisdom was that they were simply a type of gas cloud called a nebula. These spiral nebulae were popular observation targets, and a lot of effort was spent trying to explain how they could form given the current knowledge of interstellar clouds. The idea that they were whole other galaxies was not even a consideration. At the time it was thought that the entire universe was encapsulated by the Milky Way Galaxy - the extent of which had been precisely measured by Hubble’s rival, Harlow Shapley. To get a better idea of the structure of these objects, Hubble used the 100-inch Hooker reflector to take extremely detailed measurements of several spiral nebulae. As he was observing, he identified several Cepheid variables in these galaxies, including one in the so-called Andromeda Nebula. Cepheids are variable stars whose distances can be precisely determined by measuring their  luminosity and their periods of variability. These variables were first charted and analyzed by astronomer Henrietta Swan Leavitt. She derived the period-luminosity relationship that Hubble used to discover that nebulae he saw could not lie within the Milky Way. This discovery initially met great resistance in the scientific community, including from Harlow Shapley. Ironically, Shapley used Hubble’s methodology to determine the size of the Milky Way. However, the paradigm shift from the Milky Way to other galaxies that Hubble was a tough one for scientists to accept. However, as time passed, the undeniable integrity of Hubble’s work won the day, leading to our current understanding of the universe. The Redshift Problem Hubbles work led him on to a new area of study: the redshift problem. It had plagued astronomers for years. Here is the gist of the problem: spectroscopic measurements of the light emitted from spiral nebulae  showed that it was shifted toward the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum. How could this be?   The explanation turned out to be simple: the galaxies are receding from us at high velocity. The shift of their light toward the red end of the spectrum happens because they are traveling away from us so fast. This shift is called the Doppler shift. Hubble and his colleague Milton Humason used that information to come up with a relationship now known as Hubble’s Law. It states that the farther away a galaxy is from us, the more quickly it is moving away. And, by implication, it also taught that the universe is expanding.   The Nobel Prize Edwin P. Hubble was honored for his work but unfortunately was never considered a candidate for the Nobel Prize. This was not due to a lack of scientific achievement. At the time, astronomy was not recognized as a physics discipline, therefore astronomers were not eligible. Hubble advocated to change this, and at one point even hired a publicity agent to lobby on his behalf. In 1953, the year Hubble died, astronomy was formally declared to be a branch of physics. That paved the way for astronomers to be considered for the prize. Had he not died, it was widely felt that Hubble would have been named that year’s recipient. Since the prize is not awarded posthumously, he did not receive it. Today, of course, astronomy stands on its own as a branch of science that also includes planetary science and space science. Hubble Space Telescope Hubble’s legacy lives on as astronomers continually determine the expansion rate of the universe, and explore distant galaxies. His name adorns the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), which regularly provides spectacular images from the deepest regions of the universe. Fast Facts about Edwin P. Hubble Born  November 29, 1889, Died: September 28, 1953.Married to Grace Burke.A well-known basketball player at the University of Chicago.Originally studied law, but studied astronomy in graduate school. Received Ph.D. in 1917.Measured the distance to the nearby Andromeda Galaxy using light from a variable star.Discovered that the universe is larger than the Milky Way Galaxy.Devised a system for classifying galaxies according to their appearance in images.  Honors: numerous awards for astronomy research, the asteroid 2068 Hubble and a crater on the Moon anmed for him, the Hubble Space Telescope named in his honor, U.S. Postal Service honored him with a stamp in 2008.   Edited by Carolyn Collins Petersen

Consultancy Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Consultancy Project - Essay Example In 2004, Neary argued and said that strategic rationale and efficiency gain derived out of mergers and acquisitions are the two common reasons identified by Business Organization Literature (Neary, 2004, p.48). To study the literature on this research area, empirical researches done related to this study will be collected from the online books and journals. Most of the previous researches indicated that M&A activity has a 50 percent chance of success which is similar to the probability of getting a ‘head’ when an individual toss an unbiased coin. In 2004, Bruner argued and said that synergy means co-operate or work together and involves in merger when two organizations come together and pool in their resources and expertise for better performance, which is also known as synergy. Thus, in order to achieve continuous growth and survive global competition it is important for organizations to adapt M&A strategy. In today’s world the primary objective of a firm is to survive the cut-throat competition and one way to do that is to make more profits and add value to shareholders’ wealth. The ladder of success for any firm is ‘growth’ which can be achieved either by expanding existing resources or introduction of new products and services. Another way of achieving growth is through merger and acquisition (M&A). It has become an important an important way for firms to expand their product portfolios and gaining new markets. M&A also helps the firm’s to acquire knowledge, latest technology and improved management capabilities. In addition, M&A has been found to be extremely successful for specific sectors like pharmaceuticals where extensive Research & Developments are required. Tesco is the second largest company (after Wal- Mart) to earn profit as well as in the retail industry, the company holds the position of

Early Music through the Baroque Period Assignment

Early Music through the Baroque Period - Assignment Example This book is accompanied by a CD narrated by Ben Kingsley. I found it enlightening because of its overview of orchestra, which it follows up with an array of instrument groups used in orchestras. The brief explanations of the instrument group’s history and distinctive sound qualities However, it would have been better if the instruments were named where they were shown alone, rather than in small group photos, which I found odd. Nevertheless, the highlighting of individual instrument parts with clear labelling of their parts is very helpful, even though the instruments are only named in the smaller photographs showing them in orchestra groups. I agree with the post that the strings in this piece gave the entire performance a whimsical feel, although it would have been better to refer to the marimba, rather than the percussion. In fact, it puts the marimba, an instrument that is rarely given much space, in the centre stage. This post rightly notes that this piece almost follows the rules of tap-dancing, in that it only repeats long enough for the listener to catch its flow, before changing its step. In my case, I would have added the fact about the central character in the piece, a young girl on Christmas Eve, who awakens to romantic love and the wider world. The post makes an important point about this piece being Dvorak’s ninth and last symphony, but I would also have linked this with the fact that nine seems to be a magical number for most composers, such as Mahler, Bruckner, Schubert, and Beethoven.

Everyday Use by Walker Essay Example for Free

Everyday Use by Walker Essay Although I enjoyed â€Å"Everyday Use† by Walker, I did not find the first person point of view to be as effective as I would have liked it to be. By writing the story from mama’s point of view Walker denies the reader a chance to gain insight to how the other characters are feeling about the situation. The story tends to give the reader a bias opinion of the events that occur in the story. I believe that if Walker had used an omniscient point of view instead of a first person point of view the story would have been a lot more effective. Mama had a very bias opinion of Dee and by using her point of view for the story the reader may adopt her opinion. But had Walker used an omniscient point of view the reader could have gained insight into Dee’s thoughts and feelings. With the gained insight the reader would be given the chance to form his or her own opinion of Dee. Further insight into Dee’s thoughts and feelings would explain to the reader why Dee acts so superior to Mama and Maggie. The reader would get an idea of whether she really did feel superior or if she was trying to hide her true feelings. An omniscient point of view would also give the reader insight into Maggie’s thoughts and feelings. Being a younger sister myself I couldn’t help but wonder how Maggie felt about her sister. Mama gives the impression that Maggie feels about Dee the same way she does. With an omniscient point of view the reader would know whether or not this is true. When given more personal insight into characters I find that I feel more empathy towards them and enjoy the story more. It makes it more memorable and meaningful for me.

Comparing Death Of A Salesman and Hamlet :: comparison compare contrast essays

Death Of A Salesman Vs. Hamlet Willy Loman and Hamlet, two characters so alike, though different. Both are perfect examples of tragedy in literature, though for separate reasons and by distinct methods. The definition of a tragedy, in a nutshell, states that for a character to be considered tragic, he/she must be of high moral estate, fall to a level of catastrophe, induce sympathy and horror in the audience, and usually die, and in doing so, re-establish order in the society. Hamlet follows this to a "T". Death of a Salesman does not fall within these set guidelines but is still considered tragic for reasons, though different, somewhat parallel those of Hamlet's. Hamlet, a rich young price of high moral estate suddenly has his joyous life ripped away from him when his father, Hamlet Sr., suddenly passes away. Though originally thought to be of natural causes, it is later revealed to him through his father's ghost, that dear old dad was murdered by his Step-Father, and also his Uncle, Claudius. Vowing revenge upon his Uncle/Dad, Hamlet begins to mentally falter and eventually, is in such a wild rage that he accidentally kills Polonious believing him to be his father. Hilarity ensues. Ophelia, Hamlet's love interest, commits suicide/dies (that's up for debate elsewhere) after going slightly mad from the impact of her father's death, then Laertes, Polonius' son, arrives on the scene enraged and ready to kill Hamlet for what he's done, and just when you thought things couldn't get any worse, unbeknownst to Hamlet, Claudius has been plotting to kill him. Talk about your bad days. A duel takes place between Hamlet and Laertes where Laertes, using a poison-tipped sword, cuts Hamlet, thus giving way for his impending death. Hamlet eventually gets hold of the sword and kills Laertes, then kills King Claudius. Just as the play ends, Hamlet takes his last breath of air, appoints Fortinbras Jr. as the new King of Denmark, and dies. In Death of a Salesman, Willy Loman, a salesman who believed himself to be a powerful man, has his life unravel before him as he loses his job, his sanity and the respect of those around him. Many years before, Willy had an affair. This "dirtied" his appearance to his son Biff, though his wife never found out. Biff later went on to become a drifter of sorts, dabbling in one low-paying profession after another until finally settling on a farm. After Willy was fired, for being too old, too inept or both, supposedly, Willy pretends he's still working and doesn't let his wife in

Travel to Europe

â€Å"Part of us believes the new car Is better because it lasts longer. But, In fact, that's the worst thing about the new car _ It will stay around to disappoint you, whereas a trip to Europe is†¦ Over. It evaporates. It has the good sense to go away, and you are left with nothing but a wonderful memory' – Daniel Gilbert â€Å"Europe and my metamorphosis. † I was excited and nervous. I'd have to think really hard and long to go back to the previous time I felt this way. I put a finger on my wrist Just to feel my blood thump against my thumb at an accelerated rate. I smiled to myself.It was finally happening. I was going to Europe. It all started when I thought about applying to the Exchange Program my college was offering of four-months,'l semester. The College they were sending the students was in Rennet. SEC Rennet School of Business. Finally, something that appealed to me. Living in Delhi had somehow numbed my senses to such an extent that I had become devoid of any sort of feeling. I needed to escape from this place or a while and this seemed Like the perfect opportunity. Carper Idle. I seized it. Voila, I was in Europe. I found time to backpack over all of Europe and when I couldn't find it I made it.I loved staying In the hostels and Interacting with new people on a dally basis. Some of them even became good friends. It was absolutely necessary for me to visit a few cities that old heard so much about that I was k if my grades took a toll. I knew I wouldn't get this chance later and I wanted to make the most of it. I thought I'd write a little bit about the cities I visited whilst there. Paris: ‘Wow was the first word that escaped my mouth when I looked around and found myself In Paris. The City of Lights never ceases to amaze and is one of the most beautiful cities I came across in France.Market District, the cobbled streets, the musicians, the poets, all in one place. The romance was In the air. I saw the Notre Dam Cathedral and visited the Place des Vogues Old Square. The Peer Liaises cemetery was hauntingly beautiful and what to tell you about the Eiffel Tower. It was just well exquisite. I was reminded of Ernst Hemmingway and what he had said about Paris and how right he was. â€Å"If you are lucky enough to have lived in Paris as a young man, then wherever you go for the est. of your life It stays with you, for Pans Is a movable feast†.Amsterdam: Man o Man what to say about Amsterdam. I loved it. It has absolutely everything. The Dutch are Insane. What spirit they have. Prepare to be infected with It while you are there because no one can escape it. It was a god damn party every bucking night I was there. I had no sleep at all and my time-space orientation got distorted for a few days I guess with all the kind bud I could get my hands on. The coffee shops were well just misnomers. The Architecture was amazing; I was Just taken In by It. The canals were great too. I love Amsterdam approach on legalizing prostitution.You have to see It for yourself. The place was so lively. Berlin: A city cemented in history. Definitely worth watching and visiting. Starting should see in ones lifetime. I can't thank my friend Goblin enough for being such a gracious host and showing me around Berlin. Yes I know you want me to bust that myth for you that Germans drink beer like its water. Well that isn't a myth, one visit to a local pub and my hopes were dashed. It is not a myth. Germans do love their beer a lot, and it loves them back! Warlock was beautiful. Small, quiet and peaceful. Just hat I had wanted that weekend.Some place where I could relax and unwind. I stayed at The Grammar Hostel and man you guys are the best. It is an old town really and there is not much to see except the Market Square. It was lively with so many people there and they were so different from the rest of the Europeans I had met. They were unique I must say. They could find beauty in the simple things in life. P rague. Pariah. The name actually means â€Å"threshold†. It was magical. The city was a portal between the life of the good and the other. A city caked in grime: ancient, Soot- blackened. History lived in every detail.I wandered the streets in disbelief, photographing everything like mad. I wish I had spent more time there. The wind carried the memory of magic; revolutions, violins and the cobbled lanes meandered like creaks. I fell in love there. I don't know whether it was a good idea or not. I Just wanted to get lost there. Span. Ever since I had learnt Spanish in school I had wanted to go there. I was not too good at it though I remember. By the time I got the chance to visit Spain I had forgotten all my Spanish. The people were wonderful and Madrid is Just Madrid, so exciting, full of life and zest.You've got to see it to believe it. I visited Barcelona as well and it was amazing. The Gaudier(Antonio Gaud) architecture was Just stunning. You must visit Case Battle (The f amous Skull and Bones balcony). It is the most interesting and unusual of houses in Barcelona. This is my take on the various cities I visited when I was in Europe. I made a lot of friends, had loads of crazy nights but most of all I made memories that will be with me for a lifetime. I hope you enjoyed reading and I hope this inspires you a little not much but a little to get away from your comfort zone and Travel, Dream and Explore.

Influence of German Naval Policy, American Economic Interests

Assess the relative influence of three of the following in the American decision to declare war on Germany in 1917. German naval policy, American economic interests, and allied propaganda The American decision to declare war on Germany was influenced by several factors of varying degrees. To a great extent, the aggressive German naval policy contributed to the involvement of the United States in World War I. A secondary influence on this decision derived from U. S. economic interests abroad and on the homefront. Another influence leading to America’s entrance into war was the use of Allied propaganda.Therefore, the combination of German naval policy, American economic interests, and allied propaganda influenced to the American decision to declare war on Germany. The stimulus of the German naval policy was arguably the most impactful on the decision of the U. S. to declare war on Germany. Though the U. S. had been established with neutrality, American trade with countries at wa r was unhindered. As the war progressed the Central power of Germany became depleted of resources due to a blockade of highly advanced fleet of war ships.U. S. became involved in a conflict when Germany threatened our trade with Great Britain. Several German U-boats began sinking ships that were sailing for either the transportation of people or goods and arms. [1] Wilson viewed these actions as â€Å"wanton act[s],† and after a particular ship called the Lusitania was torpedoed by German U-Boats in 1915, the U. S. threatened to retaliate with military intervention against Germany. By this point the American population exhibited a growing resentment toward the German regime.Although the German government agreed first to restrict their submarine warfare via the Arabic pledge by sending a warning before taking aggressive naval action, but later changed to a new restriction via the Sussex which restricted this warfare by targeting only enemy military ships. Wilson, who strived f or â€Å"peace without victory,† struggled morally because of the force that Germany used against the U. S. Four days after Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare, Wilson broke all diplomatic relations with Germany in 1917 which was his last attempt to achieve what his slogan for the 1916 election entitled: â€Å"He kept us out of the war. As well as being a profound advocate for lasting peace, Wilson also pursued his foreign policy of â€Å"Moral Diplomacy† with unabated hope and patience although this hope was never fulfilled. Though he possessed such versatility, the greater part of his moral struggle was the decision to declare war on Germany. A less powerful sway on the American decision to declare war on Germany was U. S. economic interests. The development that occurred from WWI was one of the greatest economic booms in the nation’s history. Because of the status of neutrality, the U.S. had the right to continue trade with belligerent countries, and since there was a need for its general use, metal was the most profitable trade with nations at war. Not only did this benefit the recipient’s economy, but the U. S. economy benefitted greatly from it as well. When the War Industries Board instigated the immediate production ammunition and armor, businesses in industry welcomed the guaranteed business and carried out the request. Trade between the U. S. and Germany diminished to 90% because of extensive, supreme blockade of German ports.The supplies sent on ships such as the Lusitania were considered contraband which was illegal to trade to these countries in Europe at the time. This led not only to the sinking of many merchant ships but to the deeper resentment of Germany. This economic fueling of the England and France with huge amounts of arms, grain, cotton, and clothing brought the U. S. closer to the side of the Alliance in Europe. These countries looked to American bankers for loans in order to pay for American res ources, and by 1917, loans to Allied governments exceeded $2 billion while German loans reached $27 million. Trade and loans brought the U.S. even closer to the Allied cause, and because of the extensive investments placed on these belligerent countries, the U. S. would do no good to remain neutral for as long as the war promoted a distinct winner. Wilson often protested English naval policy that involved American goods and money, whereas Germany’s submarine policy threatened American lives. Therefore, Wilson’s strengthened resentment toward Germany was an ancillary influence leading to U. S. decision declaration of war on Germany. A minor influence on the U. S. decision to declare war on Germany was with the use of Allied propaganda.To utilize the concept of â€Å"preparedness,† the army was regulated by the Selective Service Act of 1917 in which the 2nd draft was formed with an age limit of 18-45 years. The results of the draft concluded with 24 million regist ered men but only 3 million were drafted along with 2 million volunteers. This amount was achieved by the use of propaganda used to target the emotions of all who see it. Famous British war propaganda for draft recruiting aimed to invoke fear and the desire for revenge on Germany which was depicted as a Hun, ape, or some killing machine.Collectively, the propaganda was used for nationalistic purposes which made the U. S. more in agreement that the war was and needed to happen; however, the population did not how involved the U. S. would get in the war. World War I pulled the U. S. into the unrest of Europe by the ropes of several significant factors. The most effectual influence was the crisis with Germany and their dreaded U-boats which was a hindrance to U. S. keeping a neutral status and pursuing economic interests. Though this economic interest was of lesser influence than the German navy, the effect of propaganda on the U.S. decision about the war had even less power to influen ce this historical decision that changed the entire war up to its end. Trying to influence the Congress to pass the declaration of war, the multifaceted possibilities collectively created far-reaching results that may have prevented Europe from its eventual end. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. The North Sea was declared a war zone and that any ship sailing one of the Allied Powers flag would be attacked by German navy.

Organizational Behavior and Concepts

Organizational Behavior and Concepts Organizational Culture and behavior Culture and behavior of an organization tend to have a similar meaning and are very important in determining the way the operations of an organization are carried out.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior and Concepts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The concept is essentially concerned with the way employees of an organization think, hence become so crucial in understanding how their performance can be increased, make it cost effective, and ensure that their services are well utilized in the organization. For one to comprehend the meaning of the above statement, one should first of all have an understanding of what the term culture entail (Schermerhorn, Hunt, Osborn, 2005). This term implies the customs and beliefs that are followed by a certain group of people who live together. For instance, every ethnic group has specific values that it upholds and maintains from generation to generation and must be respected. So, when it comes to an organization the same meaning applies whereby there are specific stipulations and codes of conduct that each and every staff is bound to respect without any compromise. This implies that each and every employee is supposed to behave within these stipulations. Organizational cultures can further be categorized by use of a pyramid whereby the lowest part illustrates the artifacts and behaviors which are most concrete of all cultures hence describe more about an organization. The other category comprises of the values which are responsible for controlling suppositions and conduct of the personnel. The last and top most section shows the hypothesis and principles which form the most essential part of this pyramid and are very abstract. They are the hardest aspects to inculcate into the employees mind, but once they are assimilated they influence greatly how the staff follows the other elements of culture (Robb ins Judge, 2010). Organizational behaviors on the other hand have some link with culture due to the fact that the later determines the kind of behaviors to be adopted in an organization. Organizational behaviors involve the kind of conduct that is followed by employees in organization. It forms a very basic and crucial aspect that needs to be put into consideration within the organization. The kinds of behaviors that are exhibited by the staff of business are influenced by the standards that are set by the organization. This means the behaviors of employees is limited to the expectations of the firm. The importance of knowing about organizational behaviors is to help organizations come into terms with the conduct of their human resource and learn how to mould the behaviors into what they want and is best for the business (Schermerhorn, Hunt, Osborn, 2005).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organizational Diversity Diversity has become a common scenario in the society since it touches on very many areas of people’s lives such as on the nationality, educational levels, social status and many other elements that have varied characteristics. All these aspects have had a diversified nature hence making organizations to put this into consideration since it is now obvious that they must cater for all these differences. It has become a hard task for organizations to offer employment to people in a manner that ensures equitable distribution of the opportunities to all the people in a particular area so as to meet the needs of all the individuals in the society. This therefore demands that the organizations in the present time should be ready to accept and adapt to the dynamic society that is there nowadays. For an organization to be perceived wholesome it must be at a point of having diversified team of members and at the same time should be of fering goods and services that meet the needs of all kind of people in the society. This has led to a great change in the operation of many organizations whereby they have put in place mechanisms that enable businesses to cater for the wide range of people that have come up. In typical organizations, the Information Communication Systems such as computers and the Internet have enabled managers to diversify the operations of their organization due to the fact that there is timely and accurate information. Organizational Communication For an organization to have a smooth running of its operations, it must have a good communication system. Organizational communication is viewed as the freedom to convey information between the executives and the staff which facilitates better performance. This helps the members of an organization to have a good correlation. This happens by selecting communication skills that are able to cut across the different class of people within the organization. P roper communication systems in organizations have led to many positive changes which can be described by the rapid growth of a company. Communication has enabled organizations to become more innovative and has also streamlined the mode of management. Effective communication has also enabled businesses to meet the international levels of standard since they can be able to interact on a global platform. Organizational communication has been facilitated by the advancement of technology that has made the world to seen as a global village. This has widened the organizational scope hence improving the operations and quality of work that is done by businesses (Miner, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior and Concepts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Business ethics Business ethics refers to the conduct that organizations are bound to follow as it executes its day to day operations with the society and the environment in general. Each and every business has its own kind of ethics that define how it carries out its deals, which does not only involve how it relate with the large population but also on the individual consumers and parties that are associated with it. Business ethics have come in handy, more specifically on the kind of status it acquires. In the current world most of the legitimate organizations have moved from the era of being profit oriented to an era of minding the rapport they have with the customers and the world at large. The survival of many organizations in the present world has been sustained by the kind of ethics they possess (Miner, 2007). Change management Organizations have the role of offering goods and services to the consumers and also the duty of carrying out changes that are relevant for the company’s development. Change management refers to the way an organization carries out important amendments in a manner that depicts order and effecti veness (Robbins Judge, 2010). Every organization has to implement any change that is deemed relevant so as to remain competitive and within the stipulated requirements. For instance, when an organization decides to change its network system, say from local area network (LAN) to a virtual local area network (VLAN), it must consider all the costs and benefits associated with the change, among other factors. There is need to inform all the parties involved in the change, thus appropriate strategies must be documented and implemented with the aim of making such changes feasible. References Miner, J. (2007).Organizational Behavior: From Theory to Practice, Behavior. New York: M.E. Sharpe. Robbins, J. Judge, T. (2010). Organizational Behavior, My Management Lab Series. (14th Ed.) Chicago: Prentice Hall. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Schermerhorn, J.R., Hunt, J.G., Osborn, R.N. (2005). Organizational Behavior. (9th Ed.). Chicago: Wiley Publishers.

Best Books for Kids and Adults Interested in Greek Mythology

Best Books for Kids and Adults Interested in Greek Mythology Which are the best sources for readers interested in the Greek myths and the history behind them? Here are suggestions for people of varying ages and levels of knowledge. Greek Myths for Young People For young people, a wonderful resource is the lovely, illustrated Daulaires Book of Greek Myths. There are also online, out of copyright, and therefore somewhat old-fashioned versions of the Greek myths written for young people, including Nathaniel Hawthornes popular Tanglewood Tales, Padraic Colums story of the Golden Fleece, which is one of the central episodes in Greek mythology, and Charles Kingsleys The Heroes, or Greek Fairy Tales for My Children. Anthologies of Greek myths that are appropriate for children include Tales of the Greek Heroes: Retold From the Ancient Authors, by Roger Lancelyn Green.  Black Ships Before Troy: The Story of the Iliad, by Rosemary Sutcliff, is a good introduction to Homer and the tale of Troy that is so central to any study of ancient Greece. Reading for Adults With Limited Knowledge of Greek Myths For somewhat older people who are curious about the stories and real-life history related to Greek myths, a good choice is Thomas Bulfinchs The Age of Fable or Stories of Gods and Heroes coupled with Ovids Metamorphoses. Bulfinch is widely available, including online, and the stories entertain as well as explain, with the caveat that he prefers Roman names like Jupiter and Proserpine to Zeus and Persephone; his approach is all explained in the introduction. Ovids work is a classic that ties together so many stories as to be somewhat overwhelming, which is why it is best read in combination with Bulfinch, who, incidentally, developed many of his stories by translating Ovid. To be truly familiar with Greek mythology, you really should know a good portion of the allusions Ovid makes. For Adults With More Advanced Knowledge For those already familiar with Bulfinch, the next book to pick up is Timothy Gantz Early Greek Myths, although this is a 2-volume reference work, rather than a book to read. If you havent already read The Iliad, The Odyssey, and Hesiods Theogony, those are essentials for Greek mythology. The works of the Greek tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, are also basics; Euripides may be the easiest to digest for modern American readers.

Sociology of Health and Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sociology of Health and Healthcare - Essay Example Sociology maintains a belief that the way individuals act, the challenges they face, the opportunities open to them, and the path they choose to tread are not just dependent on their personal or individual efforts, but are likewise greatly determined by society. Aside from being distinct individuals, each person is a social being and an integral part of the society. Each person is influenced by culture and the norms of the members of the society. The immediate family has the greatest influence because of proximity and exposure. Other significant influences include the peer group, ethnic group, the social or economic class grouping, and gender affiliation. This is not however to discount the fact that individuals have the ultimate control of their lives, but this control is a reflection of who and how the person is within a societal context. Society generally shapes human behavior like the way people react and respond to events and circumstances, the way people deal with crisis, the way people perceive and understand the attitudes and actions of other people within and outside of their community. The doors of opportunity are opened or closed depending on the dictates of society based on age, gender, race or economic status. Sociology explores how individuals and groups build, sustain and change social organization in a variety of ways. It studies the sources and outcomes of change in social processes and institutions, and it examines the fulfillment and difficulties of planning, achieving and adapting to the change. Sociology looks at how people interact with each other in relation to the different aspects of society and the different societal institutions. It aims to analyze the degree to which individuals attain optimum growth and development through the policies and programs of the different institutions and the constraints in the attainment of this development like social inequality, which are present in society. It also aims to determine how the aspects of society like gender, age, economic capability, health condition, race, and religion bring forth advantages or disadvantages to certain individuals or groups. The study of social dynamics include topics in values, culture, socialization, cooperation, conflict, exchange, power, inequality, social control, order, deviance, social change, and violence (Whati is Sociology, 2003). Sociology encompasses the study of all human relationships, groups, societies and institutions. The scope covered by the field of sociology include class, gender, age, ethnicity, sexuality, social inequality, the family, work, the mass media, religion, the environment, organizations, the body, health and illness, and the national and global economy (What aspects of society and social life do sociologists study). II. A Focus on the Health and Ageing Area of Study in Sociology Sociology has several areas of study all dealing with social interactions in different areas of society and everyday living, and the basis and consequences of these interactions. One area of study is Health and Ageing. The Health and Agei

Researcher Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Researcher Methods - Essay Example It is the surfacing of these concepts coupled with matters like as knowledge distribution, fresh markets, and information technology that presently form the needs anticipated from today’s engineering projects graduates (Chen et al, 2011, pp.1153-1165). For that reason, the constant emphasis on project management as the answer to institutional success is being maintained, thus, the significance of Project Management knowledge and skills (Omoteso, Owusu-Manu and Dogbega, 2011, pp.26-40). Due to the effects of these economic situations in the construction sector, it is not shocking to see that project management study has changed with a similar focus on project-level budget and schedule administration (Madter et al, 2012, pp.639-651). Key features of project management performance in the construction sector demands that projects are administered within the stipulated time and cost (Chen et al, 2011, pp.1153-1165). A comprehensive planning of scope, time and price is undertaken prior to project implementation and they must be debated upon (Omoteso, Owusu-Manu and Dogbega, 2011, pp.26-40). Widespread rivalry and the ever-transforming economic situations needs established environment experts to have an insight of the broader range of competency requirement issues at this period of time (Chen et al, 2011, pp.1153-1165). In particular, the change of project management as an academic subject in institutions of higher learning has re-emphasized the management practices since they have prepared each successive generation of industry executives (Henderson, 2008, pp.48-59). Finished projects need to be reviewed and practical lessons learnt, recorded and included in the next project so as to prevent recurrence of mistakes (Omoteso, Owusu-Manu and Dogbega, 2011, pp.26-40). In Britain, construction projects supported by the government are marred with many challenges. These impediments are a result of management matters, which leave the key players of such projects

To what extent were the diggers who staged the Eureka rebellion of Essay

To what extent were the diggers who staged the Eureka rebellion of December 1854 motivated by democratic ideals - Essay Example Although, the miners lost the battle, they succeeded in gaining greater equality for the miners including the abolition of the License and Gold Commission, as well as the vote for all males. The Eureka stockade can be regarded as the birthplace of Australia’s political system as marked the inception of the right to vote, political equality, and freedom of speech.1 The Eureka revolution represented an earnest attempt at democratic government. The paper maintains that the miners who staged the Eureka rebellion were mainly motivated by democratic ideals, by values and principles against injustice and oppression. Background The gold can be regarded to have been a social transformer, a democratic mineral given that whoever who found had cash in their hands. In order to maintain control on the colony’s critical pastoral industry and preserve its conventional values, Governor La Trobe instituted an emergency system where commissioners enjoyed both judicial and executive powers . This set the stage for the confrontation as the military and the police transformed into an arbitrary force, whose decisions almost unchallenged. A heavy tax as imposed on all individuals who went to dig in an effort to deter men from leaving their regular employment, especially within the pastoral industry. Furthermore, the diggers bought the license at a high price, more than what the squatters paid to graze sheep. Unsurprisingly, the license tax was opposed right from its inception and the majority of the colony’s men condemned the tax and the manner in which the police enforce the tax.2 The failure by the conservative legislative council to substitute the detestable tax with an equitable and less confrontational export duty on gold set the stage for future rebellion. The new governor, Hotham ordered twice-weekly searches to weed out unlicensed miners, which further disillusioned the miners. The move heightened hostility to the overworked and undermanned police force. At the same time, larger complaints were emerging, which rendered licenses to be symbolic. The burning of the licenses derived from the fact that they represented the most evidence of government's injustice.3 The seeds of discord, sown into the soil, can be highlighted as a series of miscarriages of justice, latent within the system. The incidences police mistreatment was subsidiary to the deeply entrenched distrust fuelled by serious miscarriage of justice over the murder of James Scobie by Bentley, who was an ex-convict owner of the Eureka Hotel and exonerated of the murder charge.4 The burning of the hotel in protest to the Bentley verdict marked a turning for both sides. The Eureka episode created disaffection between the two camps, which had threatening undertones. What started as a disconnected series of events triggered by the same flawed system of control gained momentum when the populace reacted to the enquiry into the hotel’s destruction while seizing the opportunity to highlight the long-standing litany of grievances against the government.5 Hotham declined to accept the recommendations, which demanded that the licenses be abolished, and the police return to standard work, but used delaying tactic of a royal commission. The Ballarat miners were by then organized, united, and determined to success. The governor and other officials, on the other hand, sought to conquer the defeat the rebel movements even if it meant the use of military force. The retrial and subsequent conviction

Benefits of Resisted Sprint Training

Benefits of Resisted Sprint Training In the modern day sprint training is the most common method in the new age of sports training, to enhance the ability of an athlete to run at optimum speed, sprint training must be an essential part of an athlete’s training regime (McKenna, M et al, 1997). As equipment advanced so did training methods, therefore to improve performance a certain amount of resistance was added to further enhance an athlete’s performance therefore improving an athlete’s overall speed this was named â€Å"Resisted Sprint Training† (RST) is defined by Alexander 1989 as running at top velocity while resistance forces work in the opposite direction. There is countless ways of applying an opposing force; weighted clothing, sleds containing weights, parachutes with different surface areas and common hills are all used to counter act the sprints being undertaken by the athlete. Due to the research that has gone into this area of RST it has provided coaches with more options to exper iment and implement with their athlete. The author of this review will be analysing literature and research into sled training commonly shortened to ST and whether the common usage of this in a training programme is an effective method to improve certain variables such as acceleration, maximum velocity, force application and finally stride length/frequency. As RST is a popular method for most modern day sports people from low to elite levels, it has an uncertain concluding factor as to the links to improve sprint kinematics. (Faccioni, 1994a) â€Å"The benefits of the use of resisted sprint running is that it recruits more muscle fibers, requires more neural activation† therefore due to this quote the effects of ST have been probed and primed for many years, especially the way the way it influenced the acceleration on track athletes. After completing a study using males taking part in resistance using 10% plus of the participants body mass, a decrease in stride frequency and stride length was evident, while performing the tests other visual physiological differences were evident such as increased muscle flexibility especially in regards to the hip flexors. When concluding their findings in 1994 they found that when carrying a heavier load. Stress was evident on the participants body therefore hampering the test, this is why a lower weight was used to improve acceleration when using ST for RST. Murphy et al 2003 study was establishing the load for sprint training with sled towing in the maximum velocity phase. 12 athletes participated in the study. They ran 30 m flying sprints, an unloaded sprint and sprints pulling loads of 6%, 10%, and 15% of their body mass, on a synthetic track surface wearing spikes, they found that this equitation lets coaches and strength trainers to calculate the load for resisted sprint training with sled towing due to the increase in Mean maximum velocity, 30-m sprint time. These findings support another study that was done in 2004 by LeBlanc, J. S.et al who studied the comparisons and differences between free sprint training and resisted in relation to the key attributes of sprinting in the top phase of the athletes speed. Both results show significant differences and shows signs towards ST being beneficial for sprinters top speed phase. When looking at the literature published the main area of study which has been evident is whether ST increased maximum speed and overall acceleration Hansen, K. T.et al (2006).found that RST with 8% body mass sled towing for 4 week improves transition performance (16-31 m), while traditional sprint training improves performance in the maximum velocity phase (31-51 m) in elite athletes. In contrast to improving overall acceleration and maximum speed studies have been done to improve sprint specific strength Ettema, G. J. C. (2006) et al stated that RST does improve this evidently in the lower body being the legs and lower back, having this strength is always going to beneficial due to the strength of the lower limbs. The way this evaluation was concluded was down to using and comparing a weighted belt for the athlete to wear, a parachute to provided resistance to the athlete and finally the sled to be able to place weights on to provide a resisted force when completed 30 metre flying sprints. It became evident that the sled training was best for developing maximum sprint strength, however the literature contradicts itself when talking about biomechanical properties which could affect the athletes speed therefore further biomechanical analysis needs to be undertaken to provide a coach with exact biomechanical movements to fully utilise the ST. After researching the literature which is available to get a good insight into ST, when talking about biomechanical influences in the ST, the practioners should be using 3D analysis software to enable them to have a clear view of the correct posture and movements in each phase especially when the athlete is being specific to stride length, stride frequency and velocity also as other areas in the forever changing world, further research will give myself a better and broader insight into the ability of ST in relation to RST. Putting a focus into the specifics of each ST session such as sets and repetitions of the training being undertaken this therefore would need to client specific as previously stated the weight of each ST is set to a fix rate, however increasing this could either have a positive or negative effect on success and sustainability. When focusing on the suggested correct amounts of training when concerning sets and reps, no previous research has actually indicated a set number to work from. This is why variation and expert analysis needs to be scrutinised to enable a benchmark to be set for initial improvement. References Alexander, M.J.L. The relationship between muscle strength and sprint kinematics in elite sprinters. Can. J. Sport Sci. 14:148–157. 1989. Cronin, J. B., and Hansen, K. T. (2006). Resisted sprint training for the acceleration phase of sprinting. Strength Cond. J., 28, 42-51 Faccioni, A. (1994a). Assisted and resisted methods for speed development: Part 1 Modern Athlete Coach, 32, 3-6. Kristensen, G. O., van den Tillaar, R., and Ettema, G. J. C. (2006). Velocity specificity in early-phase sprint training. J. Strength Cond. Res., 20, 833-837 LeBlanc, J. S., Gervais, P. L. (2004). Kinematics of assisted and resisted sprinting as compared tonormal free sprinting in trained athletes. Proceedings of the 22th International Symposium onBiomechanics in Sport, Ottawa, Canada 536. Lockie, R. G., Murphy, A. J., and Spinks, C. D. (2003). Effects of resisted sled towing on sprint Kinematics in field-sport atlethes. J. Strength Cond. Res., 17, 760-767. McKenna, M. J., G. J. F. Heigenhauser, R. S. McKelvie, J. D.MacDougall, and N. L. Jones. Sprint training enhances ionic regulation during intense exercise in men. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 501: 687–702, 1997 Murphy, A. J., Lockie, R. G., and Coutts, A. (2003). Kinematic determination of early acceleration in field sport athletes. J. Sports Sci. Med., 2, 144-150.

The Importance of Going Away to College Essay -- Argumentative

The Importance of Going Away to College Imagine the senior year of high school when students are poised to enter college and become adults. It's a time of responsibility, of being on one's own, and of shaping lives by making daily decisions. One of the major decisions is where to attend college. Should a person stay close to home and attend an in-state school where people and even campuses are somewhat familiar? Or should the decision be to start a completely new chapter in one's life by attending a college farther away, with totally new challenges? I believe the answer is definitely to leave town. Of course, I can only speak from own experience to date. I thoroughly enjoyed high school and had excellent teachers who prepared me for entrance into the new world of college. My family and I discussed and received information from many schools, some of which I was totally unfamiliar with. My parents knew this was an important milestone in my life and therefore, arranged for a trip east to visit campuses and classes. That is how I chose to travel from my North Dakotan home to MIT, halfway across the nation. I had many reasons, one of which is obviously that MIT is one of the top schools in the nation, but another is that it is in the city of Boston. I am from Bismarck, North Dakota, a midwestern town of about 60,000 which I love, but I knew it was time for a new place with new experiences. So far, I am only in my first semester of college, but I love it. I have met a whole new set of friends and find that things are always happening on campus and in the city. I was homesick for about the first week, but after that I never thought about being homesick again. I had too many interesting things to do. For the first t... ...ting, a person can look at an experience from both sides. It has opened up my eyes to a new way of life. Going away to college is a great way for people to meet new friends and experience new things. Usually a setting unlike their home will help them with both of these experiences. While this may not be true for everyone, I believe everyone should try living in an area unlike his or her own. This is what develops a person intellectually and socially. It has been said that the grass is always greener on the other side. Being excited about the newness and challenges of a new place may not enable it to stay green for a lifetime, but the new place is a great place to spend the next four years. So even though I lived my whole high school life in one city where there were no actual problems, it still was time for me to move where there were new experiences.

To Direct Or Not Direct Essay

In Hamlet, like in many of William Shakespeare’s plays, there are very few stage directions. This gives directors an unavoidable opportunity to manipulate the audience’s view of the characters and the plot. The director always has the option to change the dialogue but in Hamlet, since there is little stage direction, one can have many varieties of the same scene using the same dialogue. Being a tragedy, Hamlet involves many complex characters such as Hamlet and Ophelia. Hamlet is the son of the recently deceased king of Denmark, avenging his father’s death after the visit from his fathers ghost accusing Hamlets uncle as his murderer. Scene 3.1 involves the characters Hamlet and Ophelia that clearly have many internal emotions that can only be determined by their actions and tone. In scene 3.1, Hamlet recites his famous to be or not to be speech. In this speech Hamlet contemplates whether or not to live, â€Å"To be†(3.1.64), or to take his own life, â€Å"not to be† (3.1.64). Written in this play Claudius, Polonius, and Ophelia are directed to not exit but to withdraw before Hamlets soliloquy. One way to have this staged would be to have only Claudius and Polonius withdraw and hide behind a curtain while Ophelia watches Hamlet enter because Polonius only addresses Claudius when he says, â€Å"(Let’s) withdraw, my lord† (3.1.63). Hamlet would enter in subconsciously knowing Ophelia is in the room. As Hamlet does his soliloquy, he never makes eye contact with Ophelia. The reason for having Ophelia out with Hamlet rather than behind a curtain is to show the audience her change in mood as she considers Hamlets arguments he makes in his speech. At first she is focused on her task her father has given her and by the end she is questioning, â€Å"Whether ‘tis nobler in the mind to suffer/ The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,/ Or to take arms against a sea of troubles†(3.1.65-67). This scene is the turning point of Ophelia from sane to madness. This blocking for Ophelia is also foreshadowing her death. Staging how absorbed Ophelia is with Hamlets self-argument provides another and possibly greater reason she made the tragic decision of suicide. After Hamlet’s last line of his soliloquy there is a pause. Ophelia then snaps-out of her trance and then calls for Hamlets attention. Now back to her task of discovering the source of Hamlets madness, Ophelia takes out the letter. In this part of the scene it can either be directed so that Hamlet may know Claudius and Polonius are watching or he may not. Staging it so that he does know fro early on in his and Ophelia’s conversation makes this scene more dramatic. Ophelia being timid would hint to Hamlet that there must be someone watching. The curtain Claudius and Polonius hide behind moves just in time for Hamlet to respond to Ophelia, â€Å"No, not I. I never gave you aught†(3.1.105). Ophelia now nervous and unsure panics. She glances her head slightly enough for the audience to see she is looking at where her father and Claudius spy. â€Å"Where’s your father?†(3.1.141), Hamlet asks suspiciously and angrily. To show Ophelia nervousness she trembles as she responds and hopes Hamlet did not catch her looking at her father again. These subtle changes in direction and mood of the character make a huge impact of not only how the audience view each character but also changes their understanding of the play. If Ophelia were to confront Hamlet confidently and sure of herself, not only would it affect the audience’s view of Ophelia, but hamlet too. Hamlet would seem even crazier acting suspicious for no good reason. To be a director is to have the power to change an audiences perspective of a play that has been performed from either zero or over a million times or has been written a day ago or ages ago.

Canadian Globalization Essay

Canadian scholar Marshall McLuhan once said that the world is becoming more and more like a â€Å"global village,† each nation part of an increasingly interconnected society that stretches across national boundaries (6). Although he was talking about the role of new media in this change, he also was probably talking about the growing economic links that come with globalization. Globalization is a process that offers both the opportunity for a better world and the risk of destroying local communities, regional cultures, and entire natural environments. Over the last century, globalization has become a major issue in politics, environmental studies, and economics, touching every corner of earth as corporations spread. But Globalization is a broad term that does not necessarily mean one single thing. It usually describes the increasing interconnectedness of economies, political institutions, and individuals as the result of communication, transportation, and goods provided by multinational corporations. As Justin Ervin and Zachary Smith define it, â€Å"Globalization can now be seen as a process that ‘shrinks’ the world as human interaction ‘thickens’† (4). The effects of globalization are neither good nor bad; there are costs and benefits as with most things in life. What is certain is that no nation on earth has not yet felt the effects of globalization. One nation that has been particularly involved in and affected by globalization is Canada. Canada is a nation often overshadowed by its economically dominant southern neighbor, the United States. As the world continues to globalize, Canada’s role in this expansion is becoming increasingly important, and whether it will accept globalization entirely or continue to resist is a major point of debate. Canada has both embraced and rejected globalization: many of its corporations embrace it as a means of expanding, but many of Canada’s people fear the effects of globalization on local culture, the economy, and the environment. For Canada, globalization has brought both economic prosperity and a series of cultural and environmental problems. In an address to the Richard Ivey School of Business at the University of Western Ontario, Wayne G. Wouters, Clerk of the Privy council and Secretary to the Cabinet, there are five dimensions to globalization. First, â€Å"global capital markets now ruly operate 24/7† and â€Å"perturbations in one country or sector may now be felt both near and far. † Globalization has made business both quick in time and geographically broad. Second, there are now â€Å"global supply chains† where products are made and shipped all across the globe. What started out as â€Å"outsourcing† in the 1980s became â€Å"off-shoringâ €  in the 1990s, and now is called the â€Å"global supply chain. † Third, there is the â€Å"globalization of information,† an interconnected network of media and communication. Fourth, globalization raises environmental concerns. Last, there is what Wouters calls the â€Å"globalization of insecurity,† the idea that the future is even more uncertain in a world where everything is connected and nothing is stable for long. These dimensions highlight that globalization is seen in Canada as both a force for good and a problem. Throughout its history Canada has had strong ties to Europe and later to the United States. As part of the British Empire it was an important source of natural resources such as timber and ores. In recent decades, the Canadian oil industry has become increasingly important as well. Canada has the third largest oil reserves in the world after Saudi Arabia and Venezuela (Lewis and Moor). Other industries such as technology, chemicals, and manufacturing continue to make Canada a major player in the world economy. But what does the continued growth of Canadian industry and its own involvement with globalization do to its regional cultures? How is Canadian identity affected by the spread of products and ideas from multinational corporations? How can Canada embrace globalization without sacrificing its natural and national resources? All of these questions are important when we look at the role of Canada on the global stage. Most importantly, it must be rightly remembered that the effects of globalization on Canada are not entirely beneficial or entirely damaging, demonstrating that globalization is both an agent of positive change and potential dangers. As a European colony founded mainly for trade, you might say that Canada has always been global. It has attracted people from all over the world . It was only in the 1920s that the US finally replaced Britain as the â€Å"leading provider of foreign investment in Canada† (Azzi). As David Lewis and Karl Moor note, tariffs and high taxes kept Canada relatively isolated as far as international trade goes until after World War II. In 1947 the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) opened up the Canadian economy by reducing tariffs and taxes on imports and exports. According to Azzi and also to Ervin and Smith (19), this led directly to the growth of Canada’s international presence as a major worldwide economy. Later actions such as the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the US in 1989 led to more economic success (Azzi). This contributed to the fact that in 2012 Canada had $481. 7 billion in exports, the eleventh most of any country, although most of these exports are bought by the United States. More recently, Canada prospered through the 1990s and early 2000s. Then, after a 12 year surplus, Canada struggled in 2008 when the world economy started to decline. But Canadian banks came out of the crisis pretty well. In fact, according to the CIA Factbook, Canadian banks â€Å"emerged from the financial crises of 2008-09 among the strongest in the world. Canada also has one of the world’s largest economies, valued at $1. 5 trillion dollars annually. A recent report by Mark Carney, the Governor of the Bank of Canada, notes that globalization has been a generally positive force for Canada. He says that â€Å"hundreds of millions of people have already been lifted out of poverty, with the real potential for hundreds of millions more to share their destiny. † Carney points to Canada’s current participation in globalization as part of the nation’s second longest expansion, which he compares to the Roman Empire and the Industrial Revolution. Carney sees the trends toward better growth, such as the doubling of the Canadian labor force by 2050, as signs that Canada will prosper at home and abroad. Canada remains a powerhouse on the international stage. Stephen Azzi calls Canada â€Å"one of the most globally integrated countries in the world. † It belongs to 14 international organizations, â€Å"second only to the US, which is a member of 15† (Azzi). This has led to prosperity and increased influence on the world stage. Globalization provides many benefits for Canada as a whole. For example, Canada enjoys the second highest standard of living in the G-8, and the eighth highest standard of living overall (CIA Factbook). Canadians enjoy access to products from around the world, travel frequently, and foreign trade has increased the overall prosperity of Canada. This is especially true for its businesses. Canadian corporations are becoming more and more international over the last three decades, as recent studies have shown. In one The Russell Reynolds Associates conducted a survey to see how Canadian companies were adapting to the new global economy. The results showed in the report, â€Å"A World of Experience: The Globalization of Canadian Corporate Leadership,† suggests that Canadian companies are getting significantly more global at both the top and bottom of their levels. The Reynolds study took CEOs from Canada’s 100 largest corporations. It then measured how much international experience each of these executives had. According to the results the percentage of Canadian CEOs with international work experience rapidly increased between 1987 and 2007. What is even more interesting is that more and more Canadian CEOs are getting their international experience in countries other than the United States and Europe. This is a sure sign that Canadian companies are moving forward with a global perspective in mind. They are led by executives who understand that the world is interconnected now by â€Å"webs of global supply† (Reynolds). From Russell Reynolds and Associates Study 1987-2007 The Reynolds Report suggested that the benefits of participating in global markets are many. Their study also shows the importance of being able to trade internationally, since Canada is actively trying to become more global economically. It is especially important for Canada to look to the United States, one of the world’s most globalized economies. There has been a good deal of government action on both sides that have further globalized Canada. For example, the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (FTA) was ratified in 1988, causing Canada’s business scene to change. New markets opened up and more trade connections were expanded than ever before. Afterwards the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the establishment of the World Trade Organization in 1995 (WTO) built Canada’s role even further. According to Stephen Azzi, Canada’s role in the WTO has made it an important part of other large international financial organizations such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. One of the main questions about globalization in Canada is how it strengthens the country’s connection with the United States. As the United States became one of the forefronters of globalization, Canada was also close behind. The expansion of the Canadian and global economies and the growth of emerging markets in developing nations improved trade and lowered investment barriers so that Canadian money could flow across the globe. Business was booming. Canadian firms began selling their products to other countries and creating â€Å"global supply chains and contracts. † Canadian companies also got access to lower-cost raw materials and cheaper labor. Even when foreign firms entered Canada’s markets which increased the competition faced by domestic firms: â€Å"By 2007, Canada’s foreign imports and exports equaled 62 percent of its GDP, compared with only 43 percent in 1987. When Canadian firms started selling their companies and products to globally recongnized and international countries, the competetion increased making others more dependent on Canada. The entire Canadian economy grew as a result. A recent CBS News report at the Summit of the Americas, â€Å"What is Globalization? † (March 30, 2006) discussed the debate over what globalization means in different places. Canada was an early supporter of trade and investment liberalization and remains so today. More than 40 per cent of the country’s economy depends directly on trade. The Canadian government thinks expanding trade and international investment is vital to the economy, but not everyone agrees. The definition of globalization from an anti-globalization group known as Anti-Marketing says globalization is â€Å"the process of exploiting economically weak countries by connecting the economies of the world, forcing dependence on (and ultimately subservience to) the western capitalist machine. † However, the report did not say that globalization did not have its fair share of problems. It pointed to problems of higher unemployment, lowered health care and decreased safety standards. It also pointed to the lower environmental protection standards, less effective government as corporations have more power, and less protection for developing industries and countries. Globalization can also provide easier communications due to improved technologies. This allows Canadian corporations to set up manufacturing plants in newly industrializing economies like China, India or Latin America where costs of production are lower. Although this often lowers the prices of goods, this also causes local Canadians to lose their jobs, resulting in discontentment, resentment, and loss in confidence in the Canadian government. Labor groups also dislike this effect of globalization. Often strikes and riots will be organized as the economy further suffers as companies continue to export jobs overseas. This problem is one that is both social and economic as local workers blame their economic problems on the outsourcing of labor. Worldwide communication also affects daily life in Canada. Canada is extremely well-connected to the rest of the world. According to Azzi, â€Å"the average Canadian spends more than 500 minutes per year on international telephone calls. † This communication goes beyond technology such as phones and internet. Canadians are also avid travelers. Canada has the forth most airports in the world (CIA Factbook). This increases the exchange of goods and ideas, making Canada a real hub. Of course, globalization has not met with universal acceptance. In his article â€Å"Globalization is Killing Canada: Fight for Your Freedom,† Paul Hellyer, Canada’s former Deputy Prime Minister, makes an argument against globalization. Hellyer sees globalization as part of the reason why Canadian values are disappearing and Canadian independence is being threatened. Hellyer even sees globalization as a threat to Canada’s sovereignty, saying that â€Å"Canadian values are disappearing rapidly as we lose our independence and our sovereignty. † He believes Canada is losing control of its most important industries and losing its most exciting and challenging jobs as companies move their headquarters to other parts of the world. Hellyer claims Canada has become a victim of globalization, a process that is good for two to five percent of the world’s richest and most powerful people. It is bad for the vast majority. Global cooperation is essential for protecting oceans, ozone global warming but the relentless drive on the part of multinational corporations and international banks to take over governance of the world for their own benefit has to stop before it’s too late. Mr. Hellyer details the history of Canadian globalization and sees that foreign companies are increasingly more powerful within Canada. He specifically points to Nafta as a treaty that â€Å"granted US and Mexican investors greater rights in Canada than Canadian citizens enjoy. Hellyer sees this as very problematic, and his title gives out his position on the matter. Even if he does think that it is â€Å"killing Canada,† Hellyer does not write off globalization entirely. In fact, he sees many positive things can come out of international cooperation. For example, he sees a need for countries to cooperate in order to restore the environment to its former glory. But Hellyer sees international corporations as more of a threat. He certainly fears the environmental effects of globalization, but he also seems to see that corporations might be the most appropriate way to repair the environment. Stephen Azzi sees similar problems, noting that the two major problems with globalization for Canada are an increased reliance on foreign economies and a greater dependence on the US. Azzi states that early attempts to broaden global trade ended up strengthening American commerical interests but not other nations. It is seen as a problem by many Canadians, and many â€Å"viewed multilateral trade agreements as a way of offsetting the influence of the US. † This problem is hard to ignore. Three quarters of all Canadian exports go to the United States (CIA Factbook). The resistance to globalization became most vocal in the 1960s and 70s. Nationalist movements in Canada saw globalization as a threat to national identity. There were protests by Canadians who were afraid that globalization might erase their local cultures and destroy the environment. The government took some actions to promote Canadian identity. One was the Canadian government establishing â€Å"content quotas for radio and television† and benefits for Canadian publications (Azzi). This was to promote Canadian media instead of being overwhelmed by American and British television, film, and publications. But this had little overall effect. Even when Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau tried to promote the Foreign Investment Review Agency in 1974 and the â€Å"Third Option† program to reduce economic and social dependence on the United States, there was little change. Canada stayed watching American programs and buying American products. More recently, Canadians have been involved in widespread opposition to globalization. At the 1999 World Trade Organization Summit in Seattle, many Canadians were involved in the protests. These protests turned violent, but led to international recognition that globalization had opponents even in a globalized country like Canada. At the 2001 Summit of the Americas in Quebec City there were similar protests. Canadian protesters felt that the country was falling into the hands of international corporations, particularly American ones. Instead of promoting regional cultures, these protesters felt that there was a â€Å"global monoculture . . . increasingly destroying local traditions† (Hellyer). That is the main threat to Canadian locals. Globalization in the past century has led to the increased exposure of Canada to the world. This has sometimes brought globalization into the news as a cause of social problems, especially immigration. Chain migration takes place in Canada, bringing large numbers of foreign migrants into the country. Although migrants can make a positive contribution to Canada’s economy, they can, on the other hand, work against the Canadian society by increasing the social tension between Canadian locals and foreigner migrants. For example, in the city of Richmond in the Vancouver metropolitan area, there are large numbers of Asian migrants and social tension between groups. Migrants also complete with Canadians for the same jobs. But population movement is made even more intense by improved transportation. It is significantly easier in recent years for families to relocate and for goods to be shipped from various countries around the world. The major effect of this increased interconnectedness is that populations have become highly mobile. People are not constrained to remain in a single place for their entire life but rather are now able to move about, often following multinational corporations for whom they work.